From Frogs to Earthworms to Organelles

Question 1

Which frog adaptation is most directly associated with gas exchange through the skin?

Accepted Answer

Highly vascular, moist skin

Answer

Dry, keratinized scales

Answer

A thick chitinous cuticle

Answer

Feather-like external gills in adults

Question 2

In an earthworm, which structure helps prevent backflow of blood and maintains directional circulation in the main vessels?

Accepted Answer

Valves in the blood vessels

Answer

Nephridia

Answer

Setae

Answer

Typhlosole

Question 3

Which organelle is the primary site of aerobic ATP production in most eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Nucleus

Question 4

A tadpole differs from an adult frog because the tadpole typically relies primarily on which respiratory structure?

Accepted Answer

Gills

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Spiracles

Answer

Book lungs

Question 5

The typhlosole in an earthworm's intestine mainly increases what?

Accepted Answer

Surface area for absorption

Answer

Speed of nerve conduction

Answer

Storage volume for gametes

Answer

Pressure in the dorsal vessel

Question 6

Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins received from the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Centrosome

Answer

Peroxisome

Question 7

Frogs are often considered ecological indicators largely because they have which combination of traits?

Accepted Answer

Moist permeable skin and aquatic-terrestrial life stages

Answer

Waterproof skin and internal fertilization

Answer

Heavy shells and low metabolic rate

Answer

Deep burrowing habits and complete metamorphosis

Question 8

Earthworms improve soil structure most directly through which activity?

Accepted Answer

Burrowing and casting

Answer

Producing nectar for microbes

Answer

Fixing atmospheric nitrogen

Answer

Pollinating subterranean flowers

Question 9

Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes used to break down worn-out cell components in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Chloroplast

Question 10

Which chamber of a frog's heart receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs and skin?

Accepted Answer

Left atrium

Answer

Single ventricle

Answer

Right atrium

Answer

Sinus venosus

Question 11

Which earthworm structure is especially important for gripping the soil during movement?

Accepted Answer

Setae

Answer

Aortic arches

Answer

Seminal vesicles

Answer

Pharynx

Question 12

Which organelle is studded with ribosomes and is central to synthesis of secreted proteins?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Peroxisome

Question 13

Compared with many reptiles, frog eggs usually must be laid in moist environments because they lack which feature?

Accepted Answer

Amniotic shell

Answer

Vitelline membrane

Answer

Gelatinous coating

Answer

Animal pole

Question 14

Why are earthworms often classified as segmented animals rather than simply elongated worms?

Accepted Answer

Their body is divided into repeating units

Answer

Their body cavity is absent

Answer

Their organs are confined to the head

Answer

Their skeleton is made of cartilage

Question 15

Which organelle would be most directly involved in photosynthesis in a plant cell but absent from animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 16

A frog catches prey mainly by relying on which paired adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A sticky projectile tongue and forward-facing vision

Answer

Venom glands and crushing molars

Answer

External ears and filter-feeding plates

Answer

Chewing mandibles and antennae

Question 17

Which statement best explains why earthworms are important decomposers?

Accepted Answer

They break down organic matter and recycle nutrients

Answer

They convert light energy into sugars

Answer

They prey on large soil vertebrates

Answer

They secrete acids that form igneous rock

Question 18

Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits inside the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Centriole

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Cytoskeleton

Question 19

In frogs, metamorphosis is regulated chiefly by hormones produced by which gland?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

Adrenal gland

Answer

Pancreas

Question 20

Which pairing is correctly matched with its main function?

Accepted Answer

Nephridia — excretion

Answer

Setae — photosynthesis

Answer

Mitochondrion — protein packaging

Answer

Golgi apparatus — DNA replication

From Frogs to Earthworms to Organelles

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